Hello,

I have an image here with a shape that I would like to make inkscape, but unfortunately I have no idea how.

Hi.

Let´s see if you can follow these simple steps: Given it´s meant as circular shapes - otherwise advise. ;-)

@Polygon

"One of the object is not a path, cannot perform boolean operation" (At the last step)

Mmh - kinda strange. I don't get any errors in that order above. Can you select one by one and check Status bar at the bottom of the Inkscape window and provide this info?

What seems 2 circles is one compound path via Path->Stroke to path. If you have  2 circles you need to go Path->Combine first.

At least you can download my Inkscape  file from above to check how it's done.

@Polygon

That is the message at the status bar at the bottom of the Inkscape window

Here's a screen recording.

@TylerDurden since when it's needed to convert a rectangle for Boolean operation?

I don't see any message - probably because I'm on iPad right now.

No explicit need in this specific case, but guidance that paths are required for booleans is helpful to beginners. 

You both have good tutorials. :)
But as I see it, you both assume OP has no fill in the circle. Hence the error message.