This is how I´d go about it:

Refinement : a  slighly different method can be used : see attached file.

Pattern along path allows you to modify the bending path with more detail.

You can tweak by adding an enveloppe deformation effect if you find the result too uniform.

Once you're happy with the result, set a clip.

Work like a charm, but the issue is that I have a long list of rock patterns,  how to work with all of them the same way!

The link to vector format:

https://blogs.otago.ac.nz/si-geology/resources/illustrationgraphics-resources/usgs-inkscape-pack-instructions-and-download-link/

Ah, the USGS pattern set... Might be a long work for some patterns : I would :

1. retrieve the pattern as a path : draw a rectangle, set the desired pattern then do object > pattern to object (shift+alt+I) : the pattern appears somewhere on canvas : type "3" with numeric keypad then zoom out.
2. analyse the object : this step can be harder. The goal is to have one single path : some patterns are harder than others : they may contain groups, differents paths with different stroke width.  Work on the pattern to achieve the right aspect with paths that have the same stroke (you might use stroke to path sometimes), because you will have to combine them to use a single path for the pattern along path effect described in precedent posts.
3. When the pattern looks ok, select all the paths that compose the pattern and combine them (ctrl+k). The aspect must be unchanged if you worked properly. Once combined, copy the resulting path

Then use the process described in the precedent posts. If the result seems wrong, it might be because of the stroke width (difference between the path that undergo the pattern along path effect and the pattern itself, especially if you've been obliged to use stroke to path to have the correct aspect for a single path pattern).

Hope this helps. I didn't try it with all patterns